How to protect the car engine, how can we maintain the excellent performance of the engine, and reduce the maintenance costs caused by engine failure maintenance? For car owners, the focus of attention is more than this.
The heart of the car makes the engine oil dependent on the speed of this component, the environment is poor, and the operating temperature can reach 400°C to 600°C. Under such harsh conditions, only qualified lubricants can reduce the engine parts. Wear and prolong life.
As a kind of machine, the engine has the same requirements for the lubricating oil as the general machinery, such as the required viscosity, certain anti-oxidation, anti-wear, anti-corrosion and viscosity-temperature performance requirements. However, the engine is a special type of machine. Its requirements for lubricating oils have their own special aspects. Their particularities are:
1) The overall requirements for the engine are small in size, light in weight, compact in structure, and large in output power, so that the load on the unit friction surface is large.
2) In addition to the frictional heat, it is also affected by the heat of combustion. Therefore, the temperature of the friction surface is high, which makes the viscosity of the lubricant oil drop, making it difficult to form the oil film.
3) High temperature and high pressure combustion gases in the combustion chamber will leak into the crankcase through the gap between the piston, piston ring and cylinder liner. These combustion gases are the gases produced by the complete combustion and incomplete combustion of fuel and a small amount of lubricating oil. Some particulate matter (smoke), which is usually the main component of the crankcase helium, will contaminate the lubricating oil and will even cause it to oxidize under certain conditions.
4) Lubrication oil required around the combustion chamber is entered through the gap between the piston and the cylinder liner, and between the valve rod and the valve guide. Therefore, it is difficult to supply oil.
5) Pistons, valves, and other parts reciprocate during operation, so the relative speed at the upper and lower dead points is zero, making it difficult to form oil films. The piston pin and the bush are oscillating and the oil film is difficult to form.
6) When the engine is stopped and running for a long time, the temperature varies greatly, and due to the thermal expansion and thermal deformation of the parts, some constant gaps in the friction pair are difficult to control. Adhesion sintering may occur due to the gap being too small. Excessive gaps cause shock and vibration damage. In these cases, the oil film hardly adheres.
7) There are many types of friction pairs in the engine, such as pistons and cylinder liners, crankshaft journals and bearings, cams and followers, gears, etc., although their lubrication performance requirements for lubricating oils are different, in an engine. Only one kind of lubricating oil (except for large marine diesel engines) can be used, so a variety of lubrication conditions should be taken into consideration when selecting lubricating oil.
8) The use environment of the vehicle engine is complex, such as temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, dust and other changes. At the same time, because the engine oil often contains sulfur, lead and other elements, will promote corrosion and wear of certain parts.
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