Organic waste gas is a common pollutant in industrial production. For the treatment of industrial organic waste gas, a variety of treatment technologies are available. The main ones are: catalytic combustion, adsorption, absorption, and biological oxidation.
First, the catalytic combustion treatment of industrial organic waste gas is the technology that emerged in the late 1940s.
Catalytic combustion is characterized by: 1. Low initial combustion temperature, saving energy. 2, a wide range of applications. Catalytic combustion can treat almost all hydrocarbon organic waste gases and malodorous gases. It is suitable for a wide range of organic waste gas treatment with a wide range of concentrations and complex components. 3, basically do not cause secondary pollution. This is because this method oxidizes and decomposes pollutants into water and carbon dioxide, and the purification rate is generally above 95%. In addition, due to the lower temperature, the production of nitrogen oxides can be greatly reduced. 4, the catalytic combustion economy. It is difficult to draw conclusions and specific analysis of the project is required.
2, catalyst classification: 1, precious metal catalysts: platinum, palladium, rhodium and so on. They have the advantages of high catalytic activity, easy recovery, long service life, wide application range, etc., but they are expensive and have poor resistance to poisoning. 2. Transition metal oxide catalysts: Use transition metal oxides with strong oxidizing properties, such as oxides of copper, manganese, and cobalt. This type of catalyst is inferior to the noble metal catalyst in heat resistance and low in activity but relatively inexpensive.
Second, adsorption method
The treatment of industrial organic waste gas by adsorption is one of the widely used methods. He uses the use of certain substances with adsorption capacity such as activated carbon, zeolite molecular sieves, etc., to contaminate the pollutant components in the exhaust gas on the surface of the adsorbent and separate it from the air to treat the exhaust gas. The adsorbent can be recycled and used. The adsorbed organic solvent can be collected and reused. Adsorption method is suitable for almost all gas-phase pollutants, especially large-flow, low- and medium-density gas-phase pollutants.
1. Adsorption equilibrium The adsorption process is that the adsorbate molecules continuously condense from the gas phase to the surface of the adsorbent, and at the same time there is an evaporation process where molecules return from the solid surface to the gas phase body. When this condensation and evaporation reach a dynamic equilibrium, the concentration of adsorbate in the adsorbent is called the equilibrium adsorption amount. The amount of equilibrium adsorption is the limit, which is a function of temperature and pressure. Waste gas treatment equipment
2. The adsorption rate must reach the equilibrium of adsorption. Generally, two phases must be established after a long period of contact. In actual production, the contact time between two phases is limited, so the actual amount of adsorption depends on the adsorption rate. However, the adsorption rate data required in the industry is often difficult to deduce theoretically. Therefore, in the actual engineering design, comprehensive consideration should be made based on the type of adsorbent, the nature of the exhaust gas, the air flow velocity, the temperature, and the bed layout.
Third, the absorption and purification method is an important and commonly used method for industrial waste gas treatment methods. The absorption process can generally be divided into physical absorption and chemical absorption. Physical absorption is a gas-phase pollutant control technology in which the harmful components in the exhaust gas are dissolved by the absorbent by the washing device, and the physical properties of the organic molecules and the absorbent are separated.
Fourth, microbial oxidation method
Compared with conventional treatment technologies, this method has the advantages of simple equipment, low investment and operating costs, no secondary pollution, etc., but it is economical only when dealing with low-concentration, easily biodegradable organic vapor-phase pollutants. Poor, so that its promotion and application are limited.
The basic principle of its purification is that the exhaust gas flows through a processor with a liquid absorbent. In the processor, due to the presence of a concentration gradient between the gas and the liquid phase, the pollutants are transferred from the gas phase to the liquid phase, and they survive. Metabolism of microorganisms, organic matter is decomposed and converted into biomass and inorganic matter.
Here you can learn about the working principle of industrial organic waste gas treatment methods, the scope of application of each method, characteristics, economics, and process flow, as well as matters needing attention.
For more information, please pay attention to China's waste gas treatment equipment trading network [/]
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