Fiber fusion technology operation and skill sharing

As we all know, fiber fusion is mainly divided into four steps: stripping, cutting, melting, and protection. The so-called stripping refers to the stripping of the fiber core in the cable, which includes the outermost layer of plastic, the middle wire, the plastic layer in the inner layer and the color paint layer on the surface of the fiber; the so-called cut: refers to The end face of the fiber that is stripped and prepared for welding is cut with a "cutting machine"; the so-called melting means that the two fibers are fused together in a "melting machine"; the so-called protection means that the fiber connector has been welded Part of it is protected with a "heat shrinkable tube".

The operation of each step will be described in detail below.

1, the preparation of the end face

The preparation of the fiber end face includes stripping, cleaning and cutting. Qualified fiber end faces are necessary for welding, and the quality of the end faces directly affects the quality of the welding.

(1) Stripping of the fiber coating

Proficiency in the flat, stable and fast three-word stripping method. "Flat", that is, the fiber should be flat. The left thumb and forefinger pinch the fiber to make it horizontal. The exposed length is 5cm. The remaining fiber is naturally bent between the ring finger and the little finger to increase the strength and prevent slippage. "Stable", that is, the stripping pliers should be held firmly. "Fast", that is, stripping fiber is fast, the stripping pliers should be perpendicular to the fiber, tilted at a certain angle in the upper direction, then gently clamp the fiber with the jaws, and then apply the force with the right hand, and push the fiber axially flat, the whole process Be natural and smooth, in one go.

(2) Cleaning of bare fibers

Observe whether the coating layer of the fiber stripping part is completely stripped, and if there is residue, it should be peeled off. If there is a very small amount of coating that is not easily peeled off, use a cotton ball to dip the amount of alcohol, and while immersing, gradually wipe it off. After a piece of cotton is used 2 to 3 times, it must be replaced in time. Each time you need to use different parts and layers of cotton, this can not only improve cotton utilization, but also prevent two pollutions of fiber inspection.

(3) Cutting of bare fiber

Cutting is a key part in the preparation of fiber end faces. Precision and excellent cutting tools are the basis, and strict and scientific operating specifications are guaranteed.

There are two types of cutters: manual and electric. The former is simple in operation and reliable in performance. With the improvement of the operator's level, the cutting efficiency and quality can be greatly improved, and the bare fiber is required to be short, but the cutter has high requirements on the environmental temperature difference. The latter has a high cutting quality and is suitable for operation in cold conditions in the field, but the operation is complicated, the working speed is constant, and the bare fiber is required to be long. A skilled operator is required to perform a quick cable connection or emergency at normal temperature, and a manual cutter is preferred; otherwise, a beginner or a cold cutter is used in the field to use a power cutter.

Operational Specifications Operators should be trained to master the essentials and operating practices. Firstly, the cutting knife should be cleaned and the position of the cutting knife should be adjusted. The cutting knife should be placed smoothly. When cutting, the movement should be natural and stable. Do not be heavy or urgent, and avoid the occurrence of bad end faces such as broken fiber, bevel, burr and crack. In addition, learn to "play the piano", reasonably distribute and use your right hand fingers to match and coordinate with the specific parts of the cutter to improve cutting speed and quality.

Beware of end-face contamination heat shrinkable sleeves that should be penetrated before stripping. It is strictly forbidden to penetrate after the end faces are prepared. The time for cleaning, cutting and welding of bare fibers should be tightly connected, and should not be too long, especially if the prepared end faces are not placed in the air. Handle gently when moving to prevent rubbing against other objects. In the connection, the “V” shaped groove, pressure plate and cutting edge of the cutter should be cleaned according to the environment, so as to prevent end surface pollution.

2, fiber fusion

Fiber fusion is the central link in the continuous operation, so scientific operation in the high-performance fusion splicer and welding process is necessary.

(1) Selection of fusion splicer

The selection of the fusion splicer shall be based on the requirements of the fiber optic cable engineering equipment with suitable battery capacity and precision.

(2) Fusion machine parameter setting

Before the welding procedure is spliced, according to the material and type of the optical fiber, key parameters such as pre-melting main melting current and time and fiber feeding amount are set. During the welding process, the "V" shaped groove, electrode, objective lens, welding chamber, etc. of the welding machine should be cleaned in time. Observe the presence or absence of bubbles, too thin, too thick, virtual fusion, separation, etc. in the welding, and pay attention to the OTDR tracking monitoring results. Timely analysis of the causes of the above-mentioned undesirable phenomena and corresponding improvement measures. If the phenomenon of fuzzing occurs multiple times, check whether the materials and models of the two welded fibers match, whether the cutter and the fusion splicer are contaminated by dust, and check the oxidation status of the electrode. If there is no problem, the welding current should be properly increased.

3, disc fiber

Disc fiber is a technology and an art. The scientific method of disc fiber can make the fiber layout reasonable, the additional loss is small, the time and the harsh environment can be tested, and the fiber breakage caused by the extrusion can be avoided.

(1) Disc rules

The fiber is carried out along the direction of the loose tube or cable branching. The former is suitable for all connection projects; the latter is only applicable to the end of the trunk cable, and is one-in and one-out. Most of the branches are small logarithmic cables. The rule is that the fiber is once after each welding and heat shrinking of the fiber in one or several loose tubes, or the fiber in a sub-directional cable. Advantages: avoiding the chaos of the fiber between the loose tubes of the fiber or between the different branched cables, making the layout reasonable, easy to disk, easy to disassemble, and more convenient for future maintenance.

(2) Method of disc fiber

First, the middle and the back of the two sides, that is, the heat-shrinkable sleeves are placed one by one in the fixing groove, and then the remaining fibers on both sides are processed. Advantages: It is beneficial to protect the fiber joints and avoid damage caused by the fiber. This method is commonly used when the space reserved for the optical fiber is small and the optical fiber is not easily coiled and fixed.

According to the actual situation, a variety of graphics disk is used. According to the length of the remaining fiber and the size of the reserved disk space, the natural coiling is carried out naturally, and the hard disk is not to be pulled. The circular, elliptical, "CC", "~" various graphic disc fibers (note R ≥ 4 cm) should be used flexibly. Reserve disk space and effectively reduce the additional loss caused by the fiber.

4, the guarantee of the quality of the optical cable connection

Strengthening the monitoring of OTDR is of great significance to ensure the quality of the fusion of the fiber, to reduce the additional loss caused by the fiber, and the damage that the casing may cause to the fiber. Throughout the continuation work, the OTDR four monitoring procedures must be strictly implemented:

(1) Real-time tracking and monitoring of each core fiber during the welding process, checking the quality of each welding point;

(2) After each fiber disc, an inspection is performed on the disk fiber to determine the additional loss caused by the disk fiber;

(3) Before sealing the box, measure all the fibers to find out whether there is any leakage test and whether the fiber and the connector are squeezed between the fiber reservation plates;

(4) After the box is sealed, the final inspection is performed on all the fibers to check whether the package is damaged to the fiber.

in conclusion

Optical cable continuous is a meticulous work, especially in the aspects of end face preparation, welding, fiber, etc., requiring the operator to carefully observe, carefully consider, and operate specifications. In short, in the work, we must cultivate rigorous and meticulous work style, diligently sum up and think, in order to improve practical operation skills, reduce the loss of connection, and comprehensively improve the quality of optical cable connection.